Persuasive Essay On Gun Control - 1742 Words

Imagine somebody breaking into your home with the intentions of hurting you and your family and trying to take all your valuables that you own in your house, and not having anything to protect your loved ones. Without the protection of a firearm, the intruder could injure or kill all members within the household easily. In the United States, according to the Bill of Rights, a citizen has the right to bear arms, however, recently people have started to believe that guns only incite violence and therefore gun laws need to be more strict. Although, If you own the firearm for the right reasons and go through the process of having a carrying license, then that is within your rights to protect yourself and be able to own the gun. Therefore,†¦show more content†¦There are a lot of people who have had a huge problem with this law. It is easy to understand why some people can get fed up with it at points. Guns can really hurt and affect a lot of families, but without these weapons we wouldn’t be an independent country and would still have to believe in the Church of England and would not able to call ourselves free people and make our own decisions. This country was built the way it was because of firearms, which is why it would be disrespectful to the people who fought and died for us, to rewrite the constitution they fought for. Everyone in the United States wouldn’t be sitting where we are today, and would be controlled by a different nation if it weren’t for them in the 1700’s, sticking up for the rights they believed in. â€Å"Throughout the course of the war, an estimated 6,800 Americans were killed in action, 6,100 wounded, and upwards of 20,000 were taken prisoner.† (civilwar.org) The people who fought for us had to endure so much and for us just to ban one of the main reasons why the United States is an independent and free country wouldn’t be fair to the people who risk their lives for us. All and all, if p eople are using firearms for the right reason there should be no choice but to leave the amendment. We are honoring America and all the people who sacrificed for us to be here, this is not to say that guns are safe, if they are inShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay : Gun Control798 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan are all countries that have stricter gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1753 Words   |  8 PagesPersuasive Essay Rough Draft The United States of America has a problem that is growing worse every day. American laws are not protecting its citizens from injury or death. You may think the mass shootings in America the guns used were bought illegally, but â€Å"since 1982, there have been at least 62 mass shooter carried out with firearms across the country, with the killings unfolding in 30 states from Massachusetts to Hawaii. Of the 139 guns possessed by the killers, more than three quarters wereRead More Persuasive Articles on Gun Control Essays607 Words   |  3 PagesPersuasive Articles on Gun Control Persuading an audience can be done in several different fashions, one of which is Hugh Rank’s Model of Persuasion. Rank’s model states that two major strategies are used to achieve the particular goal of persuasion. These strategies are nicely set into two main schemas; the first method is to exaggerate an aspect of something, known as â€Å"intensify.† While the second is to discredit it, which is referred to as â€Å"downplay.† Al Franken, Jeffrey SnyderRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1018 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, an America where no citizen, law abiding or not, has the legal ability to own guns. Three gunmen with fully automatic rifles walk into a crowded city and begin firing. No law abiding citizen can defend themselves. It’s hopeless. This future can only be prevented if Americans continue to keep the second amendment. We should keep the current gun control laws, but revise them to make them even better. Most gun own ers are responsible under the current laws, however, I think some laws need to beRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1245 Words   |  5 Pagesand time again. Due to recent tragedies involving firearms, the view of guns and peoples rights to own and operate firearms have been frowned upon and viewed in a bad light due to Media. News sources have cherrypicked pictures of tragedies and stories about bad instances of gun usage in order to fight for Gun Control and the suppression of Americans rights. Due to the recent Vegas shooting, the argument for Gun Control has never been more intense, and Media outlets are having a field day onRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control915 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically guns haven’t been a national issue. It is not until relatively recently that an overwhelming amount of people have been in favor of placing stricter laws on the owning of a fire arm. The call for gun control has become more prevalent in the eyes of the government and the people; the gun laws that are also often proposed are irrational and ineffective. One could not simply ban guns, it is comparable to banning a certain genre of music; it’s unachievable and would be a fruitless pursuitRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1745 Words   |  7 Pagescruelty to animals, and yet he was able to buy four guns legally (Rosenberg). That is the most recent example of why Americans need more gun control laws. Guns are not cool or makes you look good, they are a da ngerous piece of machinery that Americans take advantage of. The average American in the right mindset should not want to own anything more than one handgun or rifle for hunting or protecting their household. Gun control reform that limits gun ownership, enforces mandatory background checks, andRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1439 Words   |  6 Pagesreason why Americans own so many guns is because of the Second Amendment, which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† (Rauch) This amendment guarantees U.S. citizens the right to have firearms. Since this amendment is relatively vague, it is up for interpretation, and is often used by gun advocates to argue for lenient gun laws. Hence, gun control is a frequently discussed controversialRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control967 Words   |  4 Pagessaid gun violence has gotten out of hand. This do esn’t mean that the second amendment is the cause of it. Gun Violence has become such a big part of the Second Amendment since they both play a major part of the gun industry. Guns have become such a powerful source to many individuals. With the second amendment placed, this means we have gun control, which are rules that regulate, the manufacture, possession, modification, or use of firearms by civilians. There should be a stricter law on gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1634 Words   |  7 PagesOver the recents years, there have been many arguments about the issue of gun control at the state and national level. In California, there have been a variety of enacted laws within recent years to address the issue of growing gun violence around the country and ways to prevent terrorist attacks. California s new enacted laws about gun control in the state range from abolishing certain features on weapons to restricting certain handguns or other firearms a person might buy. The legislative branch

Biography Of Pablo Picasso s Les Demoiselles D Avignon

Pablo Picasso’s Les Demoiselles D’Avignon is considered by many to be a revolutionary breakthrough in the history of modern art. Demoiselles is a â€Å"great manifesto of modernist painting† as Picasso had abandoned all known form of traditional art, a radical break from the Western tradition that very much led to the Cubism movement (Bishop, 2002). What made Demoiselles revolutionary was that in it Picasso broke away from the two central characteristics of European painting since the Renaissance: the classical norm for the human figure, and the spatial illusionism of one-point perspective (Fry, 1966). Cubism had â€Å"destroyed [†¦] the realist conventions for three-dimensional perspective which had been dominant in art since the Renaissance† (Butler, 2010). While generally credited as the first Cubist painting, art historians such as John Golding have argued that it was only a â€Å"starting point for the history of Cubism† (1958). Indeed, th e picture predicates key characteristics of Cubism like the distortion and break down of objects and figures into distinct shapes, rather than being itself a Cubist painting. This analysis will concentrate on the elements of Cubism in Demoiselles and how it led to the movement. While Picasso’s Demoiselles is not a true Cubist work, it was nonetheless a major step towards Cubism. It features nude figures and background that are so distorted they seem to forgo any spatial depth. The softness of classical female bodies are restructured by Picasso intoShow MoreRelatedPablo Picasso : The Female Complex2868 Words   |  12 PagesPablo Picasso: The Female Complex Many artists develop their works from their most compelling moments in life, whether they are filled with excruciating pain or unspeakable joy. Pablo Picasso creates work based on a multitude of influences in his life, from the suicide of his best friend to the rising of his career (Bio). However, a single theme reoccurs throughout his life that most would argue causes him to create some of the greatest paintings of his time: women. Critics shaped the differentRead MoreThe Andy Warhol Museum Presents Unique And Intellectually Stimulating Exhibitions2058 Words   |  9 Pagesthat month, I got the idea to make screens of her beautiful face the first Marilyns.† - Andy Warhol (Marilyn) Andy Warhol Biography. Bio.com. AE Networks Television, n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2016. Museum, The Andy Warhol. Exhibitions. The Warhol:. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2016. MoMA Learning. MoMA. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2016. Andy Warhol s Marilyn Prints. Andy Warhol s Marilyn Prints. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2016. Part Two: Identify the four roles that artists play that have not changed

Cost Foreign Policy

Question: Discuss about the term for Cost of Foreign Policy. Answer: Introduction In this given assignment, the case study relates to the Barbary Pirates. The situation over here is that the Americans ship has been captured by the pirates, now we are given multiple solutions, and we have to find the cost of each solution. It shows the conversation between U.S. diplomat in London, Adams and U.S. ambassador to France, Jefferson. The conversation relates to the solution each person has offered and the analysis behind them. We have to calculate the cost of not doing anything to the give situation, cost of fighting the war, and cost of negotiation with the Barbary States. We also have to analysis which of them is correct in their assessment of the situation, and form a foreign policy suitable for the Americans. 1. Calculation of cost by Adam: Negotiate with the Barbary state: Option 1 Cost incurred if they negotiate with the Barbary would be: 2000 Pound sterling per state i.e. 2000 * 5 = 10000 Trade will be protected so the cost of protection is: NIL Wage War against Barbary State: Option 2 Option a: If we do not repair our fleet: Cost of Interest: 30000 Cost of Fleet: 450000/10 = 45000 Total Cost: 75000 Pound Sterling Option b: If we repair our fleet: Cost of Interest: 30000 Annual repair expense: 22500 Total Cost: 52500 Pound Sterling Repairing the Fleet is a better option. Do Nothing: Option 3 Cost of trade without Protection: 30000 Pound Sterling Of all the above the best option is to sign Treaty with the Barbary States, and carry on with the trade. 2. Derivation of 22500 Pound Sterling: Number of Guns on the fleet: 150 Number of guns to be kept in the fleet: 150/2 = 75 Maintenance cost of Fleet: 300 Pound Sterling Per gun Total Maintenance Cost: 75 * 300 = 22500 Pound Sterling According to Jefferson the cost of maintenance is much lower than the cost of Building the Fleet at 45000 Pound Sterling; hence it is right to say that the cost of Algerian war is 22500 Pound Sterling. 3. Yes, I agree with Jeffersons logic. It compares the cost of building with the cost of maintenance the fleet. Cost of building a new one is 450000 pound sterling, while cost of building the original fleet would include only the repair cost over the time of fleet to be kept i.e. 10 years, therefore cost of building would be: 150 * 300 * 10 = 450000 Pound Sterling. As per Jefferson we can build a new one immediately if we burned the navy, the cost would be similar of building and repairing. 4. Annual Cost of Fighting the pirate: Cost of operating Expense: $ 500000 Depreciation Cost of Fleet: 45000 Pound Sterling Note: Cost of building a Fleet: 450000 Number of year: 10 Depreciation: Cost of building / number of years 450000 / 10 = 45000 5. As per the letter of Adams to Jefferson, Adam does not agree with the cost of Peace with the 5 states, according to him it will cost two or three thousand per state, while Jefferson believe that it will cost 5 thousand per state. While they agree with the fact that it will cost half a Million sterling pound to fight the Barbary Pirates, without any protection to their trade. Adams has stated the cost of maintaining a Treaty with the 5 states, according to him if we start a war it will cost more than the amount they would be paying under a Treaty of Peace. As per him the cost of war without protection is 30000 Pound Sterling, while the Treaty of Peace will only cost 10000 or 15000 Pound Sterling. Adams believe that cost of war will be 22500 Pound sterling, according to him the cost of fleet, carrying the guns, will be the only relevant cost for the war. The repair cost is better than the cost of building a fleet, hence he considers only that cost to be relevant for the war. As per the above analysis, one should consider the solution for a better policy, for current situation they should maintain a Treaty of Peace with the 5 states, and on the other hand they should maintain their navy over the time, therefore in future they dont have to be in a compromising position. In the meantime there will be protected from pirates. They should also maintain a proper relationship with the British army. 6. Non- Monetary Factors relevant for fighting the Pirate: Trade: If they fight the pirates, their trade would be unprotected from the pirates, which might result in the destruction of market share of the Americans. If the market share of trading is destructed, economically they will be hampered. Death: Fighting will cause an increase in the number of deaths of their soldier, as well as pollution will lead to medical health problem of the people. Destruction of Property: Fighting will cause the destruction of the property. Non Monetary Factors for not fighting the Pirates: Rise in number of Pirates: If the Americans enter into a treaty with the pirates it will lead to more rise in the number of pirates, it will be visible to the people that the navy or army is not strong enough to take the pirates down. This will result in increase in the number of pirates, as more and more people will consider it easy to threat the country. Constant Threat: If Americans dont fight the pirate, there will be a constant threat over their head. They cannot depend on mere Treaty for safety. By fighting the pirates, they can establish their power. Conclusion In this assignment, we were given a case study of Barbary Pirates, and how to handle the situation against them. We were given a number of situation and the cost that would arise in those situations. I have done those calculations, and as per my calculation, following results has been derived: Particular Amount Do Nothing 30000 Fight The Pirates 52500 Sign Treaty of Peace 10000 To conclude, the best way to handle the Barbary Pirate case is by building an army, along with signing a Treaty to protect the trade for the time being. From this assignment, I got to learn different cost, such as relevant, irrelevant cost, interest cost etc.

The reasons why nations trade an Example by

The reasons why nations trade Trade refers to the process of buying and selling goods and services to the customers in the domestic and the international markets .The trading process involves parties that are interested in the other countries goods and services. Trade that involves two people is known as bilateral trade while trade that involves more than two parties its known as the multilateral trade. Need essay sample on "The reasons why nations trade" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Very Often Tell EssayLab professionals: Who wants to write assignment for me? Specialists suggest: Calculate The Price Money is used as a means of exchanging the goods ands services amongst the persons that require them. There are different types of money that enhance the carrying out of the transactions they are known as credit money, paper money and the non-physical money. These kinds of money facilitate, promote and simplify the process of carrying out trade with the other countries of the world. The reasons why countries engage themselves in the trading business are that: they may require the products that they dont locally produce in their country. In other instances the climatic conditions within their country may not be conducive to grow the different kinds of products that are of importance to them. Trade may also be carried out when the governments of various countries may find it expensive to produce a good or service within their country hence they may opt to import the goods and services from other countries in the world. The other reason why people may trade with the other countries of the world is that of the political instability within the resident coutries.The countries that are unstable are in most cases dont get the opportunity to carry out their businesses effectively due to factors such as fear of attacks from the invaders and the terrorists thus the government of those countries may have no other option, but to import the goods and services that they require and other times some groups of people may political pressure the government to import some goods and services for their own interests .It is therefore important to trade with other countries so as to obtain the goods and services that the countries deserve in order to meet the demands of the people in their countries . References What is trade?Website accessed on 25th August, 2008 David Miller, (2004) Comparative Economic Systems

Motorcycle Boy Essays - English-language Films,

Motorcycle Boy Number of Pages:122 I believe that the story "Rumble Fish" has a very plausible plot because it's about a boy who is a former gang member and always gets into fights. The boy's name is Russel James, he is fourteen, he likes to fight, he always gets in trouble, and isn't very smart. The boy gets into trouble by fighting, getting drunk, and stealing, throughout the story, but instead of realizing he has got to stop and change his life around, he get in more and more trouble. In my opinion the story is plausible because the boy is telling the story and he mentions things such as drugs, fights, stealing, gangs, and drinking and smoking. Which is very present in our society today. I would have to say that if anything this story was sad, because at the end of the story Russel's older brother, the Motorcycle Boy, was shot when he tried freeing the Rumble Fish from the pet store. That would probably be the main reason the story was sad, besides the fact that Russel's friend Steve had his mother put in the hospital after she became ill. I didn't really like the book because of the fact that there was no real big action in the story. Not to mention, that the Motorcycle Boy was one of the strangest characters I had ever read about. He was so weird that no one in the story really understood the way he thought. He was like an outsider. I think there was good character development in the story because the author wrote the story so that the main character (Russel) often explained to the reader about things that happened in the past to both him, and the other characters. There was realistic character action in the story because the characters didn't do things like fly around in the clouds, or see through walls, they did normal stuff that anyone I know could do. If you don't like or don't care if there's alot of action in a book then I would recommend this book to you. On the other hand , if you like a lot of action, and don't like book without action, then I would not recommend this book for you. i think the most effective port of the story was when the Motorcycle Boy was shot. This event shocked me and totally caught me off guard. If anything I would expect Russell to get shot. Probably because Russell seems to be more of a trouble maker than Motorcycle Boy. I thought the book was alright but the one thing I didn't like about the book was that the action wasn't there. I like books with a lot of action, but this book didn't have it.

The Eyes Of The Dragon Essays - Novels By Stephen King, Free Essays

The Eyes Of The Dragon Essays - Novels By Stephen King, Free Essays The Eyes Of The Dragon The book that I read was The Eyes of the Dragon. The author was Stephen King. It was published in 1987. Stephen King grew up in Maine and has lived most of his adult life there, both in Bangor and in the Portland area. He and his wife, Tabitha, have three children, Naomi, Joe, and Owen Philip. This story took place in the fairy tale times with Kings and Dragons. The kings name was Roland. He was a good king. He had two sons. Peter, the first son, was good at every thing and his father and every one else loved him. Thomas was just a reject. He had no friends and his Father didn't even care for him. Flagg was the Magician. Flagg was trying to manipulate the kingdom so that he could end up in control and after 5000 years his chance had finally come. He killed Roland and framed Peter so that he would have to go to jail for life. Thomas was then king and Flagg was his friend and teacher. Flagg taxed the town and beheaded people for anything that they did. The title of the book came from the passage that Flagg had shown Thomas that lead to the head of a Dragon head that was hanging in his fathers room. He saw Flagg poison his father and he was to scared to tell anyone. Any way, Peter excapes and kills Flagg. Thomas was just a followed of any one who would be his friend. He was stupid and he never expected to be king so he didn't pay attention in class. Peter was the perfect son. He won all of the castle competitions. Every body in the entire kingdom loved him. Flagg was just plain evil. Every thing he did, he did for the good of evil. He finally got his way with the world and he took complete advantage of it. Stephen Kings style is to keep the reader from knowing to much and in some places in the book it gets very boring and then every thing starts to pick up. I like his style because it reads very quickly and is very entertaining. I think that this is one of the better books that I have ever read. I would recommend it to any one who has a brain in their head Bibliography na

How Local Merchants Can Work Together to Slow the Money in Ashland Essay

How Local Merchants Can Work Together to Slow the Money in Ashland - Essay Example This will circulate the money within the boundaries of Ashland and the profits generated by the local businesses would benefit the economy as a whole in terms of business expansions and growth. The merchants have started their businesses in Ashland for the convenience of residency they have in Ashland. They had put in their finances in different businesses like food, clothing etc. to make all necessary products available in the market for the people. For a success in business, Ashland’s entrepreneurs need to invest wisely in the business that has more demand and less supply. The reputation of businesses and awareness about ‘slow money’ ideas to develop the economy of Ashland is necessary to attract more local consumers. The local economy, with the help of proper marketing of the products, services and awareness about local circularization of money to improve the economy, would grow. The local merchants support each other as they have maintained good relationships between them. They may work together to improve the social and economic conditions of Ashland and reduce the crime rates, disputes and poverty that prevail

The Persuasive Power of the Media Research Paper

The Persuasive Power of the Media - Research Paper Example In addition to that, the paper seeks to find out which models are most genuine when it comes to explaining the influence of media on society (Wimmer, 2010). Lastly, the paper will apply one of the theories to a current example in the media with the purpose of critiquing the model. The theories Various theories have been put forward to actually explain how media influences people and the power it has to do so. These are Cognitive dissonance theory, Communication accommodation theory, Spiral silence theory, Uses and Gratification theory and Symbolic interaction theory. Cognitive dissonance theory Proponents of this theory argue that experience of dissonance is always aversive and people always tend to ensure that they avoid it completely (Niklas, 2000). Dissonance, in this case, means incompatible believes and actions. In so doing, the theory puts it that people tend to seek and find out something that does not contradict their opinion or belief. They also seek to hear something that i s in line with their thinking and therefore make decisions that do not bring about feelings of dissonance. In explaining the influence that the media has on society, the theory argues that information delivered to the people through the mass media is made to be in line with what those in societies expect. The end process of all this is where the mass media is able to change the beliefs, attitude, and actions of people thereby influencing them. Communication accommodation theory The theory originated from the speech accommodation theory in communication skills. The main interest of this theoretical perspective is to explain what happens whenever two people are communicating and they shift their communication style. The theory argues that whenever people are communicating to others, they will always ensure that they shift their communication style to fit that of others (Stay, 2006). To ensure that this is achieved people always tend to either use convergence or a divergent approach to communicate to the mass.

Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Comparison - Essay Example The coldest region of the Northeastern US still did not break records of the previous record low temperatures which the region went through in the winters of 1986. Thus the claim made by the critics of global warming is not rational. (NCDC, Climate of 2004, 2004). On the other hand, the heat waves observed in Europe were record breaking of the highest temperatures ever experienced. A divided hypothesis has been created regarding the effects of global warming and if global warming is a myth or a reality. This assignment would further revolve around this issue and give views as to which side of the scientists comes up with a strong hypothesis regarding global warming. In short, this paper is aimed at answering if the Global Warming Skepticism just smoke and mirrors? DISCUSSION "All across the world, in every kind of environment and region known to man, increasingly dangerous weather patterns and devastating storms are abruptly putting an end to the long-running debate over whether or n ot climate change is real. Not only is it real, it's here, and its effects are giving rise to a frighteningly new global phenomenon: the man-made natural disaster" (Barak Obama). There are two differing views about the existence and causes of Global Warming. One group usually links it to the actions committed by the human beings themselves. However others strongly believe that nature plays a role in creating the problem of global warming (Abrahamson, 1989). The arguments presented by both groups carry importance and without any doubt, these arguments are leading to more and more researches which are beneficial for knowledge and new theories. The study of Earth and its climate is of immense importance and beyond any doubt the reason for such extreme climatic changes should be known. In order to evaluate the reasons behind the changing climate of the Earth, the studies regarding global warming and the arguments against it are helpful. Regardless of all the arguments presented, I belie ve that humans contribute to the climatic changes and extreme weather conditions. The increased CO2 levels and rising temperature do have a link. The link between greenhouse effect and global warming are valid as put down by one set of the researchers. Although the studies and climatic researches are not invalid and the continuous debate over this topic does carry an important place in the Earth’s study. According to my point of view, it is not valid to judge the climatic change just by examining or considering the weather patterns of a small region. Global warming does not talk about a particular region, city or country. It is an overall analysis of the Earth’s temperature. Hence, claims that are based on the study of a single region are invalid and must not be relied upon. The study of NCDC, however, clearly asserts against that claim by ranking the temperature for January 2004 as the 4th warmest on record (NCDC, Climate of 2004, 2004). This further disproves the cla im of the other group. I also agree with the statement that carbon emissions are of the major cause of the problem of Global Warming. The factories which are using the fossil fuels during their manufacturing process are giving out a huge amount of carbon and this contributes greatly in making the climate warmer (CBO, 1990). The trees planted

Examining The Enzyme Amylase And Its Uses Science Essay

Examining The Enzyme Amylase And Its Uses Science Essay A catalyst is a substance used to speed up a particular reaction and remain unchanged at the end of the reaction. Reactions that are sped up by catalysts can range from making sure maximum ammonia is obtained in industries to making sure that every starch particle in our bodies has been broken down during digestion. Looking at enzymes, enzymes can be defined as biological catalysts they speed up metabolic reactions that are taking part in living organisms. Enzymes are protein in nature and are made up of globular proteins. This gives them a precise 3D shape that has hydrophilic R groups on the outside that make them soluble. Enzymes come from microorganisms, plants or animals. An enzymes features include an active site which is a depression in the enzyme to which a molecule (substrate) can bind and be broken down into two or more products. The shape of the active site is what determines what substrates can fit and substrates are required to fit perfectly in an enzyme for them to be b roken down. Therefore an enzyme will act on only one type of a specific substrate molecule. Enzymes also reduce the activation energy this is the initial amount of energy that is required to increase the rate of a particular reaction. The rate of a reaction of an enzyme depends on how many enzyme molecules there are, how many substrate molecules there are and the speed that the enzyme is able to convert this substrate into a product. However the rate of reactions of enzymes does not always run smoothly it is affected by: enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, pH, enzyme cofactors, temperature and enzyme inhibitors. Enzymes tend to denature when exposed to high temperature that is higher than 40à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C because of their protein nature they are then destroyed. They also work faster at a pH of around 7 that is a neutral pH with few exceptions. Eg. Enzymes in the stomach that work within the presence of hydrochloric acid (1,2) Introduction to enzymes in industriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Enzymes play multiple roles in industries and many industries have now turned to enzyme technology. The advantage in using enzymes is that they can catalyse the different chemical reactions, they are specific so therefore they can give pure products, and they work efficiently. Such factors play leading roles in the pharmaceutical, food and agricultural industries. When using enzymes in industries microorganisms are preferably used as the source rather than plants or animal. This is because companies find that they can be grown economically in bulk fermenters controlled conditions, they can be genetically engineered relatively easily, and mutant varieties can relatively easily be produced to improve performance and their production rate can be altered to suit the demand. When several enzymes are required to be used in more than one reaction to made a product then the enzymes are isolated and the specific enzyme is chosen for the reaction. Pure enzymes can also be used and in some case s enzymes can be used as they are without having to purify them eg.fruit juice production and meat tenderization. Industries have also found another way of using enzymes that enables them to reduce the cost of the process and also be able to re-use the enzyme after that reaction. They do this by immobilizing the enzyme. This means that the enzyme gets strapped to a solid support then put in the reaction so therefore after the enzyme has broken down that reaction it can be retrieved from the mixture. Immobilizing an enzyme also makes it more stable as it disables the enzyme to denature as a result of pH or temperature changes. Such enzymes are mostly used in the process for making sweeteners in the USA and fruitdrinks in Japan. (1,2) AMYLASE This is a digestive enzyme that plays an important role in our bodies and also in the food industry, textile and pharmaceutical industry. Amylase comes in different forms that are determined by the way in which their glycosidic bonds are attached. There is the Alpha-amylase, Beta-amylases and Gluco-amylases these include gamma-amylases and amyloglucosidases . (3,7) Below are the primary-quaternary structures of amylase. Primary Structure Secondary Structure Quatenary Structure Tertiary Structure The enzyme amylase is mainly used as a digestive enzyme. The reaction that is being broken down in the presence of amylase is the breaking down of long chain carbohydrates (polysaccharides such as starch) into disaccharides (maltose) and then monosaccharides (glucose). (3,5,6) In industries amylase is used in the following ways: In brewing and fermentation the amylase that is present in wheat breakdown the starch into fermentable sugars. They catalyze maize or potato starch to syrups in numerous reactions to syrups that contain sugars that can then be used in making sweets, or ice cream. In baked goods they pre-digest the starch that increases the performance of yeast and increases the yield of the product. In textile industry they are used to breakdown starched clothes for them to be dyed after the starch has been used as a stiffening agent to design the cotton fibres. In washing and cleaning, amylase is used to dissolve starch stains. For sizing of paper. to increase diastase in flour. Used in babyfoods. Amylase also takes out starch during jelly production. In fruit juices they remove the lees that has starch. (3,7,4) The sources of amylase is animals, plants, and microorganisms. In animals amylase is made in the salivary glands and pancreas. In plants amylase can be found in barley malt and in microorganisms they are found in the fungus Aspergillus oryzae. (1) Amylase can be produced by fungul and bacterial cultures. Of these 2 a bacterial culture shows more of an advantage as they display stability in temperature than amylase from fungul cultures. In the bacterial culture the amylase is produced by genetically modified microorganisms these are different types of bacillus. The amylase that is produced by fungul cultures are not genetically modified but once when they were genetically modified Trichoderma was used. (7) A cofactor is a substance that must be attached to the active site before a substrate can be able to bind and enable the enzyme to work properly. These come in the form of an ion or a molecule. The cofactor of amylase is calcium ions (1,6,) An inhibitor is another molecule (other than a substrate) that is very similar to a substrate that takes over the active site and therefore reduces the rate of activity of that enzyme. Inhibitors can be classified as competitive inhibitors and non-competitive inhibitors. The competitive inhibitors are the ones that temporarily bind the active site but can be reversed and overcome by increasing the concentration of the substrate whereas the non-competitive inhibitors are permanent and they destroy the catalytic activity of the enzyme. An inhibitor of amylase is phaseolamin. (1,6,4) The problem with using amylase is that when used in the brewery industry when boiling wort enzyme gets denatured by the boiling and breaking down starch to dextrins by fermentable sugars does not happen. When amylase mixed with other enzymes is used to overcome indigestion it may cause drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision or lightheadedness.

Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress and Swift’s A Tale of a Tub

Although the two pieces express different themes, the allegory entitled The Pilgrim’s Progress, written in 1678 by John Bunyan, and the work A Tale of a Tub, published in 1704, but written earlier by Jonathan Swift have some striking similarities. The most notable similarity is the theme of a journey through life and through Christianity, and the many aspects of the lives of the protagonists. The Pilgrim’s Progress chronicles the adventures of Christian, as he tries to find his way from the city of destruction (the world) to the celestial city, where everything is perfect (heaven), which rests atop Mount Zion.This piece expresses themes of Christianity, and how certain aspects of the religion may help to overcome particular temptations and troubles in the world. Christian, as he travels, has a great burden, which weighs him down, because he had read â€Å"the book in his hand,† (the Bible) which helped keep him out of Tophet, the miserable place (hell). Particula r characters that Christian encounters after he has set out play different roles, and some try to get him to remain sinful, and adopt the ways of the city of destruction (such as the two men he encountered just after setting out on his journey, named Obstinate and Pliable.These men of the world, the city of destruction, represent the weaker qualities of Christian, who is always somewhat tempted to stay in the city of destruction, and forego the path to the celestial city. Through Christian’s travels, which undoubtedly represent the righteous path of life, everyone he encounters offers some form of temptation, whether it be good- leading him to the wicket gate, or bad, trying to keep him in the city of destruction. At the end of his story, Christian arrives in the celestial city.The second part of The Pilgrim’s Progress details the story of his wife, Christiana, and their sons, who have similar, worldly experiences. Also in her story are metaphorically named characters who seek to persuade Christiana one way or another, and they represent the evils of the world and the righteousness of heaven. Jonathan Swift’s A Tale of a Tub also chronicles the lives of Christians (three brothers, who represent main branches of Christianity) but it must be said that the work is quite satirical.In the story are three brothers named Peter (who represents the saint of the same name), Martin (named for Martin Luther), and Jack (who represents John Calvin). Peter’s story marks the chronicles of the Roman Catholic Church, while Martin represents the Church of England, and Jack, the major Protestant sects. In the story, each brother inherited a coat, that had certain features on it, representing features of their religion, and they were told not to alter the coats, but all they do is change them.This represents people who have altered the church or its practices for personal gain. The brothers in the story represent a basic theme that was prevalent in soci ety at the time, which was the celebration of modernization and secularism over classic religion. And this is what connects the two pieces. In each work, the protagonists are provided with temptations that seek to alter or even minimize classic religion, for the sake of different individuals’ worldly gains.But in each allegory were numerous other metaphors and allusions, which represented myths or other stories that helped to explain the writer’s direction in each story. â€Å"A considerable, but by no means the largest or ablest, portion of the work is occupied by an account of the quarrels of the churches, told in the famous story of three brothers, Peter, Martin and Jack,† says an exert from The Cambridge History of English and American Literature.â€Å"representing Roman Catholics, Anglicans and puritans; of the coat bequeathed to them by their father, whose will, explaining the proper mode of wearing it, they first interpreted each in his own way, and then , after many ingenious evasions of it, locked up in a strong box; and of their subsequent quarrels concerning the will and its significance. Throughout, the brothers act in accordance with the doctrine that beings which the world calls clothes are, in reality, rational creatures or men, and that, in short, we see nothing but the clothes and hear nothing but them.† Swift also included in the work the superficial nature of many religious figures. The clothes the characters wore were always being altered, representing manmade changes in the religions, but they also demonstrate that people may show their religion to others first (by â€Å"wearing,† or sporting it) without even being faithful or an obedient participant in the religion. In the satire, Swift seems to side with the original Martin Luther, who was infuriated with the church as it sold â€Å"forgiveness† to sinners. This feature of the church was acquired, and not historically or cardinally supported.It on ly served to improve monetary gain for men of the church, which is much of what happens in A Tale of a Tub. And in Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress, the temptations and worldly desires that the characters are confronted with represent the world’s secular impact on the church. The church was always changing, as men of the church felt they could utilize it, and exploit its sovereignty for personal gain, which is what the various metaphorically-named characters that Christian and Christiana encountered were trying to do.Swift and Bunyan’s subliminal criticism of the church and its practices, which were always straying from its ideals, is the greatest similarity between the two highly-metaphorical works that seek to criticize the downsides of religious practice. But the two works also encourage the righteous aspects of reverence. They make very obvious the ways in which religion can be exploited for basic secular gains, and in doing so, by having the character s that exhibit those poor traits somehow villains, the authors signify how one is to correctly remain reverent.In Bunyan’s work, he makes Biblical sin a reality, which physically burdens man when he is righteous enough to recognize that he has erred, and gone against his religion’s teachings. â€Å"As I walk'd through the wilderness of this world, I lighted on a certainplace where was a Den, and I laid me down in that place to sleep; and as I slept, I dreamed a Dream,† Bunyan wrote of Christian at the beginning of his allegory. â€Å"I dreamed, and behold I saw a Man cloathed with Rags, standing in a certain place, with his face from his own house, a Book in his hand, and a great Burden upon his back.I looked, and saw him open the Book, and read therein; and as he read, he wept and trembled; and not being able longer to contain, he brake out with a lamentable cry, saying What shall I do? † This is how he sets the stage for the story about a righteous man who is forced to survive in a land of evils and temptations, which seek to destroy his reverence. â€Å"Then Christian fell down at his foot as dead, crying, Wo is me, for I am undone: At the sight of which, Evangelist caught him by the right hand, saying, All manner of sin and blasphemies shall be forgiven unto men; be not faithless, but believing.Then did Christian again a little revive, and stood up trembling, as at first, before Evangelist,† Bunyan wrote in Pilgrim’s Progress, demonstrating how righteousness and reverence to religion, not necessarily to the secular church, can save man and lead him out of evil. This character, Evangelist, represents a truly righteous man of the church, who in every way demonstrates the how to apply the religion’s teachings, and how to refrain from evil.â€Å"The wits of the present age being so very numerous and penetrating,† Swift writes of his own enterprise in writing A Tale of a Tub in the work’s preface, à ¢â‚¬Å"it seems the grandees of Church and State begin to fall under horrible apprehensions lest these gentlemen, during the intervals of a long peace, should find leisure to pick holes in the weak sides of religion. † This notifies his intentions in writing the satire, which was criticizing particular religious practices, which are actually nothing more than exploitations of the original religion.Swift, throughout the work, openly criticizes any change in the three church’s, represented by the characters of the work, as changes only exist as features of the church that stray from the original teachings of the religion. Although Swift’s and Bunyan’s pieces are different, they both satirically chronicle the adventures of characters who are supposed to (but in Swift’s case, they do not) adhere to religious ideals without falling into sin by realizing religion’s secular adaptation.Each work makes clear that the church should remain stable, and th at people who wish to lead a fulfilling life should adhere to reverent practices, and give up irreverent activities and temptations. And in demonstrating how this is done by chronicling the stories of people who struggle between secular and religious lifestyles, Swift and Bunyan have openly criticized some of the church’s (of their times) exploitations of religious teachings for basic secular gains, and how the different sects of Christianity should be uniform in teachings. Works Cited Bacon, Earnest W. John Bunyan: Pilgrim and Dreamer. Baker Book House: Grand Rapids, MI, 1983., p. 65 George, Timothy and Dockery, David S. Baptist Theologians. Broadman Press: Nashville, TN, 1990, p. 26. Sir Walter Scott (ed. ), The works of Jonathan Swift D. D. , Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin: containing additional letters, tracts, and poems, not hitherto published. With notes, and a life of the author. 19 vols. (Edinburgh: printed for Archibald Constable and Co. ; White, Cochrane, and Co. , a nd Gale, Curtis, and Fenner, London; and John Cumming, Dublin 1814). Webster, C. M. Swift's Tale of a Tub compared with Earlier Satires of the Puritans. Proceedings of the Modern Language Association 47/1 (March 1932) 171–178.

Jurassic Park Essay

Technology is one of our most beloved pieces of ongoing history, but does it cause more harm than it does help? In the film Jurassic Park, Steven Spielberg portrays the theme technology as an evil force to be reckoned with. Spielberg shows this through the plot, characters, and dialogue. Technology is a major theme because other than the hidden context that viewers have to seek it is everywhere in the film. A viewer thinks of technology as a helping hand, shortcut, or an advance of human nature, but in the film it is portrayed as something that should not be used to try and control nature. Also the complete opposite of what you would normally think, it will not work in your favor. The plot of Jurassic Park shows many ways of people being too reliant on technology. One way it shows this is in the very beginning of the movie they are transporting a dinosaur into the park and the cage had a green light on meaning that it was turned on and ready to transport the dinosaur, despite the green light being on a man was killed when he should have been completely safe (Jurassic Park). This sets the tone for the rest of the movie that you should never rely too much on technology because nothing is perfect. Another way the film Jurassic Park shows the theme overreliance on technology is when Nerdy, the computer nerd, turns off all the parks systems the electric fences shut off and they became completely vulnerable (Jurassic Park). On top of everything they could not even call for help because the phones were also down. Again, this just shows them being too reliant on technology. All this is caused because of Hammond, he is the creator of Jurassic Park and he is the one who counts on technology the most. The characters in the film showed the theme by their character arcs. Hammond, for example, started a park to show off the wonders of real dinosaurs from a safe distance of course. He counted on technology to run everything and keep people safe. When everything started going bad, everyone said they should just shut it down and not go on with this project. Hammond continued to fight for it, but in the end he gave up on it just like everyone else already had. Grant on the other hand hated technology from the start and did not want anything to do with it. Grant was the antithesis of technology, in the beginning of the film he was excavating and he hits a computer and it stops working this was foreshadowing that technology can break down at any moment. These characters symbolize the theme by what they go through in the film, as well as what they say. Steven Spielberg portrayed the theme by the dialogue in his film, Jurassic Park. Dr. Ian Malcolm said â€Å"God help us, we’re in the hands of engineers. † (Jurassic Park), this shows that Malcolm does not trust in technology all he wants it get the fame and money. In the film Jurassic Park Hammond said â€Å"We spared no expense. † (Jurassic Park), this was in the middle of the film meaning everyone else had already lost hope for the park and just wanted to get out but Hammond still believed in the park and also believed that it could keep going. Hammond also said â€Å"Dennis, our lives are in your hands and you have butter-fingers. (Jurassic Park), was a way of foreshadowing events that later came in the film, those events were, Dennis Nedry, the one running the behind the scenes of Jurassic Park, would turn all the systems off, put a encrypted password on, and slip away from the headquarters only to be killed and eaten by raptor, leaving the rest of the crew and family helpless. Steven Spielberg made you seek the theme â€Å"overreliance of technology† through the dialogue, not making it as obvious as other key events in the film. As evidenced by Steven Spielberg’s Jurassic Park, film makers can use various filmmaking strategies to influence the theme of a film. Steven Spielberg used characterization, dialogue, specific scenes, and the plot to portray the theme â€Å"overreliance of technology†. Spielberg showed if one relies on technology so much it can get to a point where if something were to happen to technology you would wander around aimlessly not having the slightest clue on what to do. Steven Spielberg used this though various techniques, including, the plot, characters, and dialogue. Audiences should think twice about being dependent on a device that at any moment could become dysfunctional, they would have no idea what to do if that were to happen.

Culture, ideology, politics and economics are linked in the output of media organisation in way that is true for no other sector of capitalist enterprise The WritePass Journal

Culture, ideology, politics and economics are linked in the output of media organisation in way that is true for no other sector of capitalist enterprise Introduction Culture, ideology, politics and economics are linked in the output of media organisation in way that is true for no other sector of capitalist enterprise IntroductionCritical AnalysisConclusionBibliographyRelated Introduction Although some might believe otherwise, the media is not a neutral or objective institution. It is rather a disputed space that can be manipulated to serve certain interests. McNair (2007:103) affirms that â€Å"culture, ideology, politics and economics are linked in the output of media organisation.† This statement is especially true of the UK newspaper industry. McQuail (2008:7) also argues that power structures social relationships and that this has an effect on the way the mass media is organized. Both historically and presently the influence of the media can be observed. Newspapers promote certain ideologies, create and reinforce cultural patterns, and greatly influence views on politics. Media products that are made for mass consumption are often controlled by a handful of wealthy owners. This is very similar to what Karl Marx calls the ‘bourgeoisie’ or the owners of the means of production. They are in control of factories and the livelihoods of workers. How ever, in much the same way, media production serves the interests of the few, and not those of the masses. The ruling class often determines the content of widely distributed newspapers. In support of McNair, I will argue that media output is very closely linked to culture, ideology, and politics, in a way that is advantageous to those who own the means of production. In order to show this, I will discuss all factors (culture, ideology, politics, and economics) in relation to each other and analyse the influence that the newspaper industry has had historically on political, economic, and cultural affairs. The paper will mainly look at 18th century, 19th century, and present press and media output in Britain. Critical Analysis The struggle over control of newspaper content is also an economic struggle between the bourgeoisie and the workers or the lower classes. This is a conflict that mirrors the Marxist notion of class struggle. Starting as far back as the 18th century, the UK ruling class has fought to destroy radical newspapers of the time, such as Poor Man’s Guardian, Twopenny, and Republican. The aims of the radical press were to promote class organisations through the development of a critical political analysis. Class organizations and unions were meant to earn workers better wages and more rights. Thus, by developing radical newspapers, the working class sought to improve their economic condition. This is an example of the struggle between the aristocracy and the workers who were criticising corruption and the repressive taxation which was impoverishing them (Curran 2010:13). Here, politics is also interrelated to the media and to economics. It was only through adopting a critical political analysis that workers could advocate for their rights. On the other hand, the politics of the right (or the wealthy owners) represent their economic interest of keeping the wealth and control of the press in the hands of few. The emergence of more progressive publications in the early 1800s showed how the ideology of the ruling classes was in opposition of radicalism. Their politics served to prevent the workers from gaining more control of the media output. Between 1830 and 1836 there was an increase in circulation of radical newspapers. In London alone, the readership grew from half a million to 2 million. Dr Philmore,   a member of Parliament, complained that â€Å"these infamous publications [†¦] inflame working people’s passions, and awaken their selfishness, contrasting their present condition with what they contented to be their future condition- a condition incompatible with human nature, and with those immutable laws which providence has established for the regulation of human society â€Å" (Curran 2010 : 14). In other words, the rich believed that it is their right to maintain their social and economic standing. In response to radicalism, they sought to pass regulations that wou ld control the media output. This implied that they could promote the views that would benefit their own economic and social condition.   As already seen, those who can control media output use this resource to promote their ideology, culture, and politics. In this way, they also maintain their wealth. In order to silence the voice of radical newspapers in the 1800s, the government decided to introduce the stamp duty, which meant that publications were redefined to include political periodicals. Curran and Seaton (2010) also note that during those days, the government sought to increase press taxation. This was to ensure that those in charge of the press are wealthy men of high social standing. Curran and Seaton explain that the reason behind stamp duty was â€Å"to restrict the readership to a well to do by raising the cover price; and to restrict the ownership to the propertied class by increasing the publishing cost â€Å" (Curran and Seaton 2010:11). This shows how economics plays a big role in restricting those who do not have the necessary means from promoting their own ideology, politics, and culture. The example clearly illustrates the link between economics, culture, and politics that McNair talks about. It also portrays, once again, how those who own the means of produc tion can promote the ideologies that benefit them. Over time, those who were financially in control of the media used this to their advantage and slowly began to take radicalism out of the picture. It became the norm that only those who have enough capital could have a say in politics and influence the ideology of the masses. In the late 19th century, when   some control methods failed and stamp laws were repealed, the press establishment embarked on a â€Å"sophisticated strategy of social control†, where the radical newspapers were replaced by apolitical, commercial publications, read by mass audiences and controlled by capital (McNair 2009:87). According to McNair (2009), the radical publications of the end of the 19th century had either been forced out of existence, moved right politically, or become small specialist publications. As newspapers became cheaper and the market expanded, capital investment and running costs increased beyond the capacity of radical publishers. Thus, radical voices were once again silenced. Th is shows that the output of news is greatly influenced by the ownership and capital, as only the wealthy are powerful enough to determine the course of media production. Currently, it can be said that media output in the newspapers is still dependant on who owns the enterprise, what are their politics, and what kind of ideology and culture they want to promote. Oftentimes, the output does not necessarily reflect the truth, but rather takes the form that is best suited to serve the interests of the few. It is not uncommon for stories to be censored or even not published at all. To illustrate this, Anthony Bevins (1997:47) argues that â€Å"Journalists cannot ignore the pre-set ‘taste ‘of their newspapers, use their own sense in reporting the truth of the any event, and survive. They are ridden by news desks and backbenches executives, have their stories spiked on a systematic basis, they face the worst sort of newspaper punishment –byline deprivation.† Conclusion The history of newspaper publishing in the UK shows that economic interests influence media output immensely. I have argued that, historically, culture, ideology, politics, and economics are all interrelated influences on the content of media. In order to show this, my paper has looked at historical events that have had an impact on the course that the media (especially newspapers) has taken during the past few hundred years. Starting with the 18th century, the press has been a battlefield between the rich and the poor. Radical newspapers fought to have a say in politics. Unfortunately, those who had more wealth and invested more capital were the ones able to take control of the press. With the control of the press also came the promotion of certain ideologies. The ruling class favoured the politics that went against the interests of the workers. Politicians and capitalists alike strived to protect their standing.   The stamp duty is an example of measures that they were taking to ensure that radical media output does not grow enough to influence political views. Even though this measure did not last, the effect that commercialization has had on newspapers and media output, in general, is still evident. Those who own media corporations prefer an apolitical and commercial approach. Over time, the voices of workers with radical demands have stopped being heard in the mainstream media. Moreover, even the practices of journalists nowadays are influenced by this approach to media as a profit driven enterprise. The relevance of stories is often determined based on commercial appeal and sensationalism, rather than facts. Stories can be censored and facts hidden. Economics, as well as politics are mainly to blame for these developments. McNair (2009) sums up this interrelationship perfectly through his work. The fact that politics, economics, culture, and ideology play a big role in determining media output is undeniable. Although this is unlikely to change in the ne ar future, it is important to know whose politics and interests influence what we read, hear, and see in the media. Bibliography Curran, J. and Seaton. Power Without Responsibility : Press, Broadcasting and the Internet in Britain. Routledge, Abingdon, 2010. McNair, B. News and Journalism In the UK . Routlege, London, 2003. McQuail D. Mass Communication. SAGE, London, 2008. Tumber H. News : A Reader. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999. Wahl-Jorgensen, K. Hanitzsch, T. The Handbook of Journalism Studies. Taylor Francis, Abingdon, 2009.

Free Essays on George Whitefield

George Whitefield The English evangelist and founder of the Calvinists Methodists, George Whitefield was born in Gloucester, England, on December 16, 1714. He was an innkeeper’s son and did not care much for schooling as a young child. In 1732, he matriculated at Pembroke College, Oxford. During his studies at Oxford, Whitefield became associated with John and Charles Wesley who were trying to revive the lifeless and passionless Anglicanism that seemed grip the nation. In 1936 Whitefield graduated from Oxford and in the same year was ordained as a deacon of the Church of England (4). It was within a year after his ordination that Whitefield started to become known as a controversial figure for he dared to challenge the established church, which nobody really did at that time. In 1738 Whitefield made his first of seven trips to America. During his first visit he preached and helped organize schools and orphanages in Georgia. In late 1738 he returned to England only to find that the natio nal church looked down on him (including being denounced by the bishop of London) and pulpits began to close to him and the clergy of the local churches grew very wary of him. This was all due to his mingling with dissenters and controversial preaching against The Church. As the churches closed their doors to him, Whitefield took to the idea of preaching in open fields so he would not be dependent on the church or their society in order to continue his preaching (2). It was shortly after the bishop denounced him that Whitefield decided to return to America. If one reads Whitefield’s journals these events are thoroughly described (1). Once back in America Whitefield began preaching through the 13 colonies starting in the North and working his way south. It was his presence and revivalism spirit that helped set flame to the â€Å"Great Awakening† in America, which lasted for about 20 years. One can say that he helped spark the first ... Free Essays on George Whitefield Free Essays on George Whitefield George Whitefield The English evangelist and founder of the Calvinists Methodists, George Whitefield was born in Gloucester, England, on December 16, 1714. He was an innkeeper’s son and did not care much for schooling as a young child. In 1732, he matriculated at Pembroke College, Oxford. During his studies at Oxford, Whitefield became associated with John and Charles Wesley who were trying to revive the lifeless and passionless Anglicanism that seemed grip the nation. In 1936 Whitefield graduated from Oxford and in the same year was ordained as a deacon of the Church of England (4). It was within a year after his ordination that Whitefield started to become known as a controversial figure for he dared to challenge the established church, which nobody really did at that time. In 1738 Whitefield made his first of seven trips to America. During his first visit he preached and helped organize schools and orphanages in Georgia. In late 1738 he returned to England only to find that the natio nal church looked down on him (including being denounced by the bishop of London) and pulpits began to close to him and the clergy of the local churches grew very wary of him. This was all due to his mingling with dissenters and controversial preaching against The Church. As the churches closed their doors to him, Whitefield took to the idea of preaching in open fields so he would not be dependent on the church or their society in order to continue his preaching (2). It was shortly after the bishop denounced him that Whitefield decided to return to America. If one reads Whitefield’s journals these events are thoroughly described (1). Once back in America Whitefield began preaching through the 13 colonies starting in the North and working his way south. It was his presence and revivalism spirit that helped set flame to the â€Å"Great Awakening† in America, which lasted for about 20 years. One can say that he helped spark the first ...

Parphrase for TARIQ PART 1 AND PART 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Parphrase for TARIQ PART 1 AND PART 2 - Essay Example This implies that the pin will not generate more than 200mA. Pin 6 – is chip’s threshold pin. The function of this pin is to determine rail voltage’s two thirds so that a LOW state output can be achieved only when Pin 2 is in the HIGH state. The impedance of Pin 6 is quite high so that it triggers at nearly 1uA. A 555 timer based oscillator can be defined as a circuit which gives waveforms running highly and clear free. It is possible to adjust these waveforms’ output frequency by making a connection between an RC circuit, one capacitor, and two resistors. This circuit is a general relaxation oscillator’s type that gives out stable square waveforms. The frequency of these waveforms is fixed at nearly 500 kHz. It may have duty cycles anywhere between 50 and 100%. This oscillator circuit consists of a re-triggering mechanism that is made by interfacing the trigger input Pin 2 and Pin 6 that is threshold voltage. This is unlike the monostable circuit which terminates after elapse of the pre-set time. As a result, the device becomes a stable oscillator circuit. Pin 2 and Pin 6 are interconnected in the above oscillator circuit. This results in the development of a self-triggering mechanism in the circuit in every operation cycle so that the operation of the circuit becomes a free running oscillator. Another name for this circuit is voltage-to-frequency converter because it is possible to change its output frequency by changing the applied input voltage. Pin 5 is generally the pin of voltage control. The primary function of Pin 5 is trigger control and control of the threshold levels. The voltage across Pin 5 is generally Vcc’s two-third because of the existence of a voltage divider that is internally built. Upon the application of an external voltage to this terminal, it is possible to change the control voltage. The timing capacitor is the voltage across the

Corporate Risk Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Corporate Risk Management - Assignment Example Derivatives Derivatives refer to a method where one party owning a risk transfers the risk to another individual (Malz 189). The party receiving the risk bears the risk but at the same time has the advantage of making a profit is the risk does not materialise. The original owner of the risk does not have to pay anything to the risk buyer but has to forego any benefits derived from the non-occurrence of the risk. The advantage of this method of risk management to the business over using insurance is that the business is not obliged to pay any insurance premiums and therefore the only cost is the opportunity cost which the business has to bear due to not being able to benefit when the risk does not occur (Deventer & Imai, 48). The market for derivatives has grown significantly for some time, perhaps because of the increasing risks in the global business environment. Globalisation and technology have brought numerous opportunities to the business environment but at the same time brought numerous risks to businesses around the worlds (Norman, 58). As several risks have increased and their intensity in terms of likelihood and impact has increased, the need to have better ways to manage the risks has also increased. In such an environment, derivatives made from financial risks have increased and there are firms which are dedicated to trading on derivatives. Derivatives come on all sorts of nature, depending on the nature of risk (Triantis, 563). Forwards Forwards are a very good tool for managing some types of financial risks. These are risks associated with unexpected unfavourable changes in the market environment in the future (Darrell, 78). For instance, a firm may be concerned that the rate of exchange will change unfavourably in the future and thus affect its revenues. This usually happens with regard to firms which operate across international borders. In this kind of scenario, the firm can choose to have a forward contract with its customers or suppliers (Verz uh, 59). Forward contracts help the business in guaranteeing that its revenues or its business will not be affected in the future by making sure that the natural laws of the market will not come into action. For instance, in the example given above, a firm may have a forward contract which binds its suppliers to deliver the goods at a predetermined dollar rate regardless of the currency exchange rates in the future. This means that such a firm will operate without worrying that unexpected foreign exchange rates will affect its revenues in a negative way. Decentralising the business functions As identified above, currency risk is one of biggest risk which international businesses have to face today. In a modern business environment, even a slight change in the currency exchange rates can lead to massive losses for firms which manufacture their products locally and sell them abroad (Gregory 57). In this regard, apart from forward contracts, there are other options which such firms can consider in order to eliminate currency risks. These include the decentralisation of business to other countries especially where the business has the biggest markets. This has been demonstrated by the recent trend of American manufacturers going to china to set their manufacturing firms there. One of the firms which have been known to have been the first one to use this strategy of

Importance of Marketing for Organization Success Essay

Importance of Marketing for Organization Success - Essay Example ys marketing concept is implied in the idea, that marketing decisions must be made taking into account the needs of the customers in the first place and afterwards the process of developing and marketing services and products should be initiated by an organization (Nickels, 2008). The major aim of marketing efforts of any organization is to establish reliable relationships with clients that are to be beneficial both for the clients and the organization. And every effort is to prove the fact that marketing plays a crucial role for the business of any size and the society as well. Talking about marketing as a necessary business function it is vital at organizational level for non-for-profit and for-profit businesses engaged in all the industries (Nickels, 2008). As far as non-for-profit organizations are concerned marketing is to assist in process of attracting clients in order to maintain the mission of the organization which might be support or donations raise. For-profit organizations need marketing to deal with all the tasks meant to bring revenue and profits to organization. These two types of organizations will not be able to survive without a helping hand of marketing tool. The feature of marketing as the area of organizational business is implied in the interaction with the public and the opinion that is formed about the organization is the result of interaction with marketers. And thanks to advertising message a customer may believe that this or that company is creative and dynamic (Nickels, 2008). The primary role of marketers is to establish specific relationships intended for holding value for both organization and customers, in this respect marketing professionals apply a diverse toolkit which is to serve as a spine of decision making process. The toolkit includes: Each element in the toolkit is in tight connection and interaction with each other and as a result decisions made in one area are influential for those decisions made in other areas. For

Final Reflection Paper Essay Example for Free

Final Reflection Paper Essay Final Reflection Paper I have had the opportunity to volunteer for the last several weeks. I had never really volunteered before, so I knew that this was my opportunity to do some community service to help others. I have found through the experience that I really like to volunteer, so in the near future I will probably volunteer on my own, rather than doing it for a class. Doing service projects is a great way to get involved with the community. There are always people and businesses looking for help, and it is usually easy to find a way to help. When I had to do volunteer services for psychology, I was excited because I had never really volunteered for a long period of time. It was very interesting, because it actually made me feel like a better person for helping someone in the community. I volunteered at the Manchester Church of the Brethren Preschool. I chose that place, because I am an education major, and I thought that it would help me be able to work with children. I love working with children every chance that I can. While I was volunteering/observing, I learned many things that involved psychology. Psychology obviously relates to human’s, so it was neat to put it into a different perspective, because I got to look at 4 and 5 year olds, to see how the subjects that we were recently discussing in class, pertained to them particularly. Children learn very quickly, at a young age so I had a great opportunity to see that first hand. It was neat to relate all of the things I learned in class, to the actual students I was observing. I thought that 10 hours of volunteering was a perfect amount of time. It gave us enough time to actually get to know that people we were volunteering for, but it was not so long, that it took forever. I started my volunteering hours as soon as I could, so that way I knew I would have plenty of time to complete them. My family has always influenced me to become a better person, and volunteering really fits into that category. As I continue to get older, I now know that helping others really makes you feel better about yourself. People that volunteer in the community have really influenced me, because many times it is people in my family, friends, or acquaintances. These influences have changed because I know that when I volunteer I am only doing  good for others, and it also reminds me that I should not be so selfish sometimes. They influence me because I know that when I help others out, it brightens up their day, and they really enjoy getting help from somebody else that cares ab out them. There have been many influences that help me realize that volunteering can only help others. Volunteering only betters a person. I know from other experiences that volunteers really make a difference in people’s lives. Volunteering is something that everyone should want to do, and the benefits are a great part too. I have learned through my church family different ways to feel â€Å"needed† on this earth, and one of those ways is to help others. I have learned about Karma, within the last couple of years, and I truly believe in it. What goes around, comes around. So I think that if you are only putting good deeds out there, then eventually someone or something will do good deeds in return. I feel motivated to do activities and different events that have to do with people. I particularly like younger children, but I am a people person, so anything that I can connect with helps me enjoy doing things. Helping out with children is a must, because later on in life I am going to be working with children as a career. Not everyone likes to work with children, so if we get the people that do, they feel more satisfied themselves. When trying to find a job, people look for volunteering experience, because that just shows them that you care about helping others, and you take time out of your life to do so. These are very important motivators. I recently just volunteered for Relay For Life. Throughout my life I have known many people that have cancer and other diseases. I feel that to help this was the least that I could do. I donated some money to put towards a fund. As well as walked with a group to show that cancer never sleeps. This was very important to me. I also do volunteer babysitting. Since, I enjoy working with children, this is an easy way to get to work with them. When families only go out for a couple of hours, they usually call me, because typically I do not make them pay, because I enjoy their children so much. In high school I did many vo lunteer activities. I was involved with many different clubs and sports. Usually through those we would have to raise money and volunteer our time to do something. For example with Marching Band, we would go to different counties, and do our  show for them if they asked. For cheerleading, we would do a mini-cheer clinic, which we taught little children chants, and cheers. I had many other opportunities that I did volunteer work in high school as well. The most recent thing I have done at Manchester College is Relay For Life. I described what I did earlier, which I participated in the walk and raising money. I just finished volunteering in Introduction to Psychology class, which I volunteered at Manchester Church of the Brethren. I really enjoyed that, because I got to work with children. I am looking forward to volunteering for many more things in my upcoming years at Manchester. Overall, I feel that volunteering only betters yourself, and it helps others. It is a great way to support a community as well as meet new people, and to help out others. I feel that everyone should volunteer, and for something that they are passionate about. I am glad I got the chance to volunteer, because I feel better about myself knowing that I helped others, and I look forward to many more opportunities.

High and Popular Islam Essay -- Islam History Religion

History of the Middle East and North Africa 600-1258 Unlike India that has a clearly defined caste system to divide classes, other nations have classes that are implied by economic and social differences. The Middle East after the rise of Islam had an implied class system as well, referred to as High Islam and Popular or Low Islam. There is no actual High and Popular Islam that people are officially divided into, but is perceived through historical analysis. They are concepts derived from historical findings that provide a way to compare and contrast the people, religion, and government of Islam. (Frierson) Hopefully this essay will shed some light on these concepts. â€Å"Allah is the Protector of those who have faith: from the depths of darkness He will lead them forth into light.† (Cow 2:257) Jesus Christ would never have expected animated DVD’s, Santa upstaging neither his ‘birthday’, nor the endless sects of Christians all claiming to truly understand his message and scripture. (Unless of course one is Christian and believes he is god and therefore knows all) Whether Muhammad foresaw the possibility of the Muslim community headed for similar disregard of the sacred is debatable. However, the fact that the sin of idolatry was so feared by Muslims has proven substantial power to suppress the same abandonment of the sacred that Christianity has modernized to. Despite the lack of Muhammad dolls and Allah t-shirts, the religion of Islam evolved into a government, empire, and ultimately a vague ideal of holiness interpreted thousands of ways. Having a faceless, mysterious deity not only prevented commercialism of a religion, but served to allow any culture to adopt their unique vision of God. When Muhammad first formed the small... ... English translation of The Koran. London: Penguin Classics, 2006. Specific Sura The Cow (Referred to as Cow) Frierson, Elizabeth. In-class lectures, PowerPoint’s, and Portfolio Guidelines University of Cincinnati Course Number 15-HIST-170-001, 20 September- October 2010. (Referred to as Frierson) Haug, Dr. In-class lectures and PowerPoint’s, University of Cincinnati Course Number 15-HIST-170-001, 20 September- October 2010. (Referred to as Haug) Lewis, Bernard. Islam: from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople, Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 1987. (Referred to as Lewis 1) Lewis, Bernard. Islam: from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople, Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 1987. (Referred to as Lewis 2) Ochsenwald, William and Sidney Fisher. The Middle East: A History. McGraw-Hill, 2004. (Referred to as F&O)

Lecture note

In English Composition l, you learned how to analyze an argument for effectiveness, specifically looking at the use of logos (logic), ethos (credibility), and pathos (emotion). This week, you'll learn how to craft your own arguments. Starting with this week's Discussion, we'll take a closer look at constructing logic (logos), which Includes using both deductive and inductive reasoning.With inductive reasoning, you move â€Å"from a et of specific examples to a general statement,† making the â€Å"inductive leap from evidence to generalization† (Rosa & School, 2012, p. 540). For instance, after looking at a month's worth of sales receipts, you could determine that Saturday afternoons are when most patrons prefer to shop in your store. Deductive reasoning â€Å"moves from a general statement to a specific conclusion† and works from the model of a â€Å"syllogism, a three-part argument that consists of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion† (Ros a & School, 2012, p. 0). Please note that in order to accept your conclusion/argument, your audience should accept the major and minor premises as truths. See the below example, which could be the start of one argument In support of a vegetarian diet: Major premise: Beef contains cholesterol. Minor premise: Too much cholesterol Is bad for one's health. Conclusion: To remain in good health, people should eat less beef. For the Discussion this week, you'll practice creating argumentative statements, including your own syllogism.In this week's Assignment, you'll take it a step further and write detailed and supported arguments, either for or against the thesis of a professional essay. This will be the first draft of your Synthesis Essay, which you'll revise in Week 4. It's important to remember that in a Synthesis Essay, you need to add something new to the conversation. You start with existing knowledge on an Issue (in this case, a professional essay), and then create new knowledge (y our argument), making unique and Insightful points. Objective(s):

Education is not for sale! Essay

Let’s pretend you own a school. Let’s pretend the school you own is still functional, but   pretty old: wobbly chairs, uneven tables, equipment prone to breaking down. Prices are rising, so what will you do? Instead of taking care of the facilities with the students’ tuition (you still have enrolled students, believe it or not), let’s pretend you spend more time and money looking for new students who are willing to study in your dilapidated school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We’re not pretending anymore: due to the financial crisis, California State University East Bay is spending more of the students’ money for recruitment of new students than the upgrading of our facilities. It has also decided to increase the tuition again.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Something is wrong when we pay for something we won’t be able to use. And it is unfair to pay more for something we are not supposed to be paying for.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Not a few Californians are suffering from rising utility costs, such as housing and transportation. Increasing the cost of education is another burden being forced unto them. For the last seven years, tuition has increased six times. What is happening to the taxes our parents pay to the State? Isn’t that the whole point of taxes, that it provide the needs of its citizens, especially education?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Students of caliber are the school’s best advertisement. And recruiting more students will not result in higher quality students. In our current situation, the average CSUEB student takes six years to graduate, instead of the usual four. This is due to the increase in class sizes and reduction in courses students need to take. Countless studies have proven that more students in a classroom do not translate into better grades or understanding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, the school should not increase its tuition. First, because the State should be responsible for the school’s upkeep. Second, recruiting more students will only result in the deteriorating quality of students. Education is not a business, so it should not be thought of in terms of returns of investment or profit. Education is a democratic right, and therefore it should not be profited from, but asserted and protected. Education is not for sale!

Tips on How to Write an Argumentative Essay

Tips on How to Write an Argumentative Essay To be effective, an argumentative essay must contain elements to help persuade the audience to see things from your perspective. These components include a compelling topic, a balanced assessment, strong evidence, and persuasive language. Find a Good Topic and Point of View To find a good topic for an argumentative essay, consider several issues and choose a few that spark at least two solid, conflicting points of view. As you look over a list of topics, find one that really piques your interest, as youll be more successful if youre passionate about your topic. Once you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, make a list of points for both sides of the argument. When shaping an argument youll have to explain why your belief is reasonable and logical, so list points you can use as evidence for or against an issue. Ultimately, determine your side of the argument and make sure you can back up your point of view with reasoning and evidence. Work against the opposing point of view and prove why your stance is correct. Gather Evidence One of your essays first objectives will be to assess both sides of your issue. Consider strong arguments for both your side, as well as the other side- in order to shoot their statements down. Provide evidence without drama; sticking to the facts and clear examples that support your stance. You may look for research that provides statistics on your topic that support your reasoning, as well as examples of how your topic impacts people, animals, or even the Earth. Interviewing experts on your topic can also help you structure a compelling argument. Write the Essay Once youve given yourself a solid foundation of information, begin to craft your essay. An argument essay, as with all essays, should contain three parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. The length of paragraphs in these parts will vary depending on the length of your essay assignment. As in any essay, the first paragraph of your argument essay should introduce the topic with a brief explanation of your topic, some background information, and a thesis statement. In this case, your thesis is a statement of your position on a specific controversial topic. Present Both Sides of the Controversy The body of your essay should contain the meat of your argument. Go into more detail about the two sides of your topic and state the strongest points of the counter-side of your issue. After describing the other side, present your own viewpoint and then provide evidence to show why your position is the correct one. Work to discredit the other side using some of the information you discovered in your research. Choose your strongest evidence and present your points one by one. Use a mix of evidence, from statistics to other studies and anecdotal stories. Conclusion A strong conclusion can help summarize your point of view and reinforce with your reader why your stance is the best option. You might consider reserving one overwhelmingly shocking statistic for the conclusion, one that leaves no room for doubt in your readers mind. At the very least, use this final paragraph or two as an opportunity to restate your position as the most sensible one. Final Tips When writing your essay, consider these tips to help craft the most rational and poignant argument for your readers. Avoid emotional language that can sound irrational. Know the difference between a logical conclusion and an emotional point of view. Dont fabricate evidence and dont use​ ​untrustworthy sources for evidence, and be sure to cite your sources.

Fahrenheit 451 Summary

Fahrenheit 451 Summary Ray Bradbury’s 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451 is set in a dystopian society that burns books in order to control dangerous ideas and unhappy concepts. The novel tells the story of Guy Montag, a fireman who questions the book-burning policy and undergoes extraordinary suffering and transformation as a result. Part 1: The Hearth and the Salamander When the novel begins, fireman Guy Montag is burning a hidden collection of books. He enjoys the experience; it is a pleasure to burn. After finishing his shift, he leaves the firehouse and goes home. On the way he meets a neighbor, a young girl named Clarisse McClellan. Clarisse tells Montag that she is crazy and she asks Montag many questions. After they part, Montag finds himself disturbed by the encounter. Clarisse has forced him to think about his life instead of simply offering superficial responses to her questions. At home, Montag discovers his wife, Mildred, unconscious from an overdose of sleeping pills. Montag calls for help and two technicians arrive to pump Mildreds stomach and perform a blood transfusion. They tell Montag that they no longer send doctors because there are so many overdoses. The next day, Mildred claims to have no memory of the overdose, believing she went to a wild party and woke up hungover. Montag is disturbed by her cheer and her inability to engage with what happened. Montag continues to meet Clarisse almost every night for talks. Clarisse tells him that she is sent to therapy because she does not enjoy the normal activities of life and prefers to be outside and to have conversations. Some weeks later Clarisse suddenly stops meeting him, and Montag is saddened and alarmed. The firemen are called to a book hoarder’s house. An old woman refuses to give up her library, and the firemen break in and begin to tear the house apart. In the chaos, Montag steals a copy of the Bible on impulse. The old woman then shocks him by setting herself and her books on fire. Montag goes home and attempts to engage Mildred in conversation, but his wife’s mind has regressed and she is incapable of even simple thoughts. He asks her what happened to Clarisse and she is able to tell him that the girl was hit by a car and killed a few days prior. Montag tries to sleep but imagines a Hound (a robotic assistant to the firemen) prowling around outside. The next morning, Montag suggests he might need a break from his work, and Mildred panics over the thought of not being able to afford their home and the large wall-sized televisions that provide her parlor wall family. Hearing of Montag’s crisis, Montag’s boss, Captain Beatty, explains the origin of the book-burning policy: because of shortening attention spans and increased protest against various books content, the society decided to voluntarily dispense of all books in order to prevent future trouble. Beatty suspects Montag has stolen a book, and tells Montag that a fireman who has stolen a book is usually given 24 hours to burn it. After that, the rest of the firemen will come and burn down his house. After Beatty leaves, Montag reveals to a horrified Mildred that he has been stealing books for a while, and has several hidden away. She attempts to burn them, but he stops her and says they will read the books and decide if they have any value. If not, he promises to burn them. Part 2: The Sieve and the Sand Montag hears the Hound outside the house, but tries to force Mildred to consider the books. She refuses, angry at being forced to think. Montag tells her that something is wrong with the world, that no one is paying attention to the bombers overhead that threaten nuclear war, and he suspects books might contain information that could help fix it. Mildred becomes angry, but soon gets distracted when her friend Mrs. Bowles calls to arrange a television viewing party. Frustrated, Montag telephones a man he’d met many years before: a former English professor named Faber. He wants to ask Faber about books, but Faber hangs up on him. Montag goes to Faber’s house via subway, taking the Bible with him; he attempts to read it but is constantly distracted and overwhelmed by the advertising being played incessantly. Faber, an old man, is suspicious and afraid. He initially refuses to help Montag in his quest for knowledge, so Montag begins to rip pages from the Bible, destroying the book. This act horrifies Faber and he finally agrees to help, giving Montag an earpiece so that Faber can guide him verbally from a distance. Montag returns home and interrupts Mildreds viewing party, turning off the parlor wall screens. He tries to engage Mildred and their guests in conversation, but they are revealed to be thoughtless and callous people who don’t even care for their own children. Disgusted, Montag begins reading from a book of poetry despite Faber’s pleas in his ear. Mildred tells her friends that this is something firemen do once a year to remind everyone how terrible books and the past were. The party breaks up, and Faber insists that Montag burn the poetry book to avoid arrest. Montag buries the rest of his book collection and takes the bible to the firehouse, handing it to Beatty. Beatty informs him that he himself was once a book-lover, but he realized that none of the knowledge in books was of any real use. A call comes in for the firemen and they climb onto the truck and race to the destination: Montag’s house. Part 3: Burning Bright Beatty tells Montag that his wife and her friends reported him. Mildred leaves the house in a daze and gets into a taxi without a word. Montag does as ordered and burns his own house down, but when Beatty discovers the earpiece and threatens to kill Faber, Montag burns him to death and attacks his fellow firemen. The Hound attacks him and injects tranquilizers into his leg before he can burn it as well. As he limps away he wonders if Beatty had wanted to die, and set up Montag to kill him. At Faber’s house, the old man urges Montag to flee into the wilderness and make contact with the Drifters, a group of people who have escaped society. They see another Hound being released on television. Montag meets the drifters, who are led by a man named Granger. Granger tells him that the authorities will fake Montag’s capture rather than admit to any flaw in their control, and sure enough, they watch on a portable television as a another man is identified as Montag and executed. The Drifters are former intellectuals, and they have each memorized at least one book with the intention of carrying its knowledge into the future. As Montag studies with them, bombers fly overhead and drop nuclear bombs on the city. The Drifters are far enough away to survive. The next day, Granger tells them about the legendary Phoenix that rose from the ashes, and muses that humans can do the same, except with the knowledge of their own mistakes to guide them. The group then begins walking towards the city to help rebuild society with their memorized wisdom.

World War II List of Battles By Year and Theater

World War II List of Battles By Year and Theater World War II: Conferences Aftermath | World War II: 101 | World War II: Leaders People The battles of the World War II were fought across the globe from the fields of Western Europe and the Russian plains to the China and the waters of the Pacific. Beginning in 1939, these battles caused massive destruction and loss of life and elevated to prominence places that had previously been unknown. As a result, names such as Stalingrad, Bastogne, Guadalcanal, and Iwo Jima became eternally entwined with images of sacrifice, bloodshed, and heroism. The most costly and far-reaching conflict in history, World War II saw an unprecedented number of engagements as the Axis and Allies sought to achieve victory. The battles of World War II are largely divided into the European Theater (Western Europe), Eastern Front, Mediterranean/North Africa Theater, and the Pacific Theater. During World War II, between 22 and 26 million men were killed in battle as each side fought for their chosen cause. World War II Battles by Year and Theater 1939 September 3-May 8, 1945 - Battle of the Atlantic - Atlantic Ocean December 13 - Battle of the River Plate - South America 1940 February 16 - Altmark Incident - European Theater May 25-June 4 - Dunkirk Evacuation - European Theater July 3 - Attack on Mers el Kebir - North Africa July-October - Battle of Britain - European Theater September 17 - Operation Sea Lion (Invasion of Britain) - Postponed - European Theater November 11/12 - Battle of Taranto - Mediterranean December 8-February 9 - Operation Compass - North Africa 1941 March 27-29 - Battle of Cape Matapan - Mediterranean April 6-30 - Battle of Greece - Mediterranean May 20-June 1 - Battle of Crete - Mediterranean May 24 - Battle of the Denmark Strait - Atlantic September 8-January 27, 1944 - Siege of Leningrad - Eastern Front October 2-January 7, 1942 - Battle of Moscow - Eastern Front December 7 - Attack on Pearl Harbor - Pacific Theater December 8-23 - Battle of Wake Island - Pacific Theater December 8-25 - Battle of Hong Kong - Pacific Theater December 10 - Sinking of Force Z - Pacific Theater 1942 January 7-April 9 - Battle of Bataan - Pacific Theater January 31-February 15 - Battle of Singapore - Pacific Theater February 27 - Battle of the Java Sea - Pacific Theater April 18 - Doolittle Raid - Pacific Theater March 31-April 10 - Indian Ocean Raid - Pacific Theater May 4-8 - Battle of the Coral Sea - Pacific Theater May 5-6 - Battle of Corregidor - Pacific Theater May 26-June 21 - Battle of Gazala - North Africa June 4-7 - Battle of Midway - Pacific Theater July 1-27 - First Battle of El Alamein - North Africa August 7-February 9, 1943 - Battle of Guadalcanal - Pacific Theater August 9-15 - Operation Pedestal - Relief of Malta - Mediterranean August 9 - Battle of Savo Island - Pacific Theater August 19 - Dieppe Raid - European Theater August 24/25 - Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Pacific Theater August 25-September 7 - Battle of Milne Bay - Pacific August 30-September 5 - Battle of Alam Halfa - North Africa July 17-February 2, 1943 - Battle of Stalingrad - Eastern Front October 11/12 - Battle of Cape Esperance - Pacific Theater October 23-November 5 - Second Battle of El Alamein - North Africa November 8-16 - Naval Battle of Casablanca - North Africa October 25-26 - Battle of Santa Cruz - Pacific Theater November 8 - Operation Torch - North Africa November 12-15 - Naval Battle of Guadalcanal - Pacific Theater November 27 - Operation Lila Scuttling of the French Fleet - Mediterranean November 30 - Battle of Tassafaronga - Pacific Theater 1943 January 29-30 - Battle of Rennell Island - Pacific Theater February 19-25 - Battle of Kasserine Pass - North Africa February 19-March 15 - Third Battle of Kharkov - Eastern Front March 2-4 - Battle of the Bismarck Sea - Pacific Theater April 18 - Operation Vengeance (Yamamoto Shot Down) - Pacific Theater April 19-May 16 - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Eastern Front May 17 - Operation Chastise (Dambuster Raids) - European Theater July 9-August 17 - Invasion of Sicily - Mediterranean July 24-August 3 - Operation Gomorrah (Firebombing Hamburg) - European Theater August 17 - Schweinfurt-Regensburg Raid - European Theater September 3-16 - Invasion of Italy - European Theater September 26 - Operation Jaywick - Pacific Theater November 2 - Battle of Empress Augusta Bay - Pacific Theater November 20-23 - Battle of Tarawa - Pacific Theater November 20-23 - Battle of Makin - Pacific Theater December 26 - Battle of the North Cape - Atlantic Ocean 1944 January 22-June 5 - Battle of Anzio - Mediterranean January 31-February 3 - Battle of Kwajalein - Pacific Theater February 17-18 - Operation Hailstone (Attack on Truk) - Pacific Theater February 17-May 18 - Battle of Monte Cassino - European Theater March 17-23 - Battle of Eniwetok - Pacific Theater March 24/25 - The Great Escape - European Theater June 4 - Capture of U-505 - European Theater June 6 - Operation Deadstick (Pegasus Bridge) - European Theater June 6 - D-Day - Invasion of Normandy - European Theater June 6-July 20 - Battle of Caen - European Theater June 15-July 9 - Battle of Saipan - Pacific Theater June 19-20 - Battle of the Philippine Sea - Pacific Theater July 21-August 10 - Battle of Guam - Pacific Theater July 25-31 - Operation Cobra - Breakout from Normandy - European Theater August 12-21 - Battle of the Falaise Pocket  - European Theater August 15-September 14 - Operation Dragoon - Invasion of Southern France - European Theater September 15-November 27 - Battle of Peleliu - Pacific Theater September 17-25 - Operation Market-Garden - European Theater October 23-26 - Battle of Leyte Gulf December 16-January 25, 1945 - Battle of the Bulge - European Theater 1945 February 9 - HMS Venturer sinks U-864 - European Theater February 13-15 - Dresden Bombing - European Theater February 16-26 - Battle of Corregidor (1945) - Pacific Theater February 19-March 26 - Battle of Iwo Jima - Pacific Theater April 1-June 22 - Battle of Okinawa - Pacific Theater March 7-8 - Bridge at Remagen - European Theater March 24 - Operation Varsity - European Theater April 7 - Operation Ten-Go - Pacific Theater April 16-19 - Battle of the Seelow Heights - Eurpean Theater April 16-May 2 - Battle of Berlin - European Theater April 29-May 8 - Operations Manna Chowhound - European Theater    World War II: Conferences Aftermath | World War II: 101 | World War II: Leaders People